Memory Access Permissions in Windows User mode and Kernel mode#

Background#

On July 19, 2024, many computers worldwide using Windows experienced a blue screen issue.
A blue screen on Windows indicates a critical error that requires a computer reboot.
This led to a paralysis of crucial systems including businesses, public organizations, and airports as they went down.
The cause is said to be a flaw in a widely used security software.
Typically, common software rarely triggers a blue screen problem.
What was different about this security software that caused the blue screen issue?
Let’s explore and find out.

Memory Manufacturers Are Raking In Money#

Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix, and Micron are the world’s three largest memory manufacturers. They generate huge operating profits by producing and selling DRAM. As of December 2025, DRAM demand has surged so much that they reportedly cannot keep up with supply. In other words, DRAM makers are raking in money, and this trend is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. What exactly is DRAM, and why has its demand suddenly skyrocketed? Let me explain why.